E-2 Visas For Traders And Treaty Investors

Overview of E-2 Visas

The E-2 visa, also known as a Treaty Investor or Treaty Trader visa, allows eligible foreign nationals from countries with trade treaties with the U.S. to live and work in the United States. This visa is designed for individuals who are actively engaged in trade or investment between the U.S. and their home country, enabling them to develop, direct, and manage a business in the U.S.

Treaty Trader Requirements: E-1 Visa

To qualify as a Treaty Trader (E-1 visa), the applicant must:

  • Be a national of a country that has a qualifying trade treaty with the U.S.
  • Engage in substantial trade, including goods, services, or technology, between the U.S. and the treaty country.
  • Ensure that at least 50% of the trade is between the U.S. and the applicant’s country of origin.
Treaty Investor Requirements: E-2 Visa

To qualify as a Treaty Investor (E-2 visa), the applicant must:

  • Make a substantial investment in a U.S. enterprise that is active and operating (not speculative or dormant).
  • Invest an amount sufficient to ensure the success of the business.
  • Use funds in a manner that is “at risk” for the purpose of generating business profits; merely holding money in a bank does not qualify.
  • Develop and direct the enterprise with a controlling interest.
Applying for an E-2 Visa in Los Angeles

Submitting accurate and complete documentation is essential. Our Los Angeles immigration attorneys at American immigration law firm LLP will guide you through every step, ensuring your application is correct and reducing the risk of delays or denials. Any misrepresentation could lead to permanent visa refusal. If you meet the eligibility criteria but are currently ineligible under other immigration rules, our attorneys can help explore options such as waivers of ineligibility.

Family and E-2 Visas

Your spouse and unmarried children under 21 may accompany you under derivative E visas. Your spouse can apply for employment authorization, allowing them to work legally in the U.S., while dependent children are not permitted to work.

Extending a Treaty Investor Visa

If your E-2 visa is approaching expiration, it is crucial to apply for an extension well in advance. USCIS approval is required to extend your stay. Remaining in the U.S. beyond your authorized period can result in immediate deportation and complicate future applications. Our attorneys can assist you in filing timely extensions to ensure uninterrupted status.

E-2 Visa FAQ

What is an E-2 Visa? An E-2 visa is a nonimmigrant visa that allows foreign nationals to invest in and operate a business in the U.S., providing legal status to work in the enterprise.

What are the requirements to obtain an E-2 Visa?

  • Applicant must be a citizen of a treaty country with the U.S.
  • Investment must be substantial and non-marginal, either generating more than minimal income for the investor or making a significant economic contribution (e.g., creating jobs for U.S. workers).
  • Investor must develop and direct the business with controlling interest.

What qualifies as a “substantial” investment?
“Substantial” is determined by the proportionality test. Investment must be appropriate for the type and size of the business, and a sufficient portion of required funds must be at risk in the enterprise. Simply leaving funds in a bank does not count.

Where do I apply for an E-2 Visa?
Applicants outside the U.S. apply at a U.S. consulate in their home country. Those already in the U.S. on valid nonimmigrant status can request a change of status to E-2 with USCIS.

Can I travel internationally after USCIS approves my E-2 status?
Approval from USCIS allows you to remain in the U.S. and operate your business. To travel internationally, you must obtain an E-2 visa from a U.S. consulate abroad.

How long is the E-2 Visa valid?
Visas are generally issued for 2 to 5 years depending on your home country. Upon entry, E-2 status is typically granted for 2 years, with unlimited extensions possible either through USCIS or by reentry with a valid E-2 visa.

Can I work for another employer while on an E-2 Visa?
No. Employment is restricted to the E-2 enterprise through which the visa was granted.

Get Legal Assistance Today

If you are considering applying for or extending an E-2 Visa, the American immigration law firm LLP of Los Angeles can help. With over 5-star Google ratings, we are your trusted partner in securing your U.S. future.

Call us now at 323-805-0445 to speak with a Los Angeles E-2 Visa attorney.

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Practice Areas:

  • Immigration Law
  • Affirmative and Defensive Asylum
  • Employment Immigration
  • Cancelation of Removal
  • Credible Fear Inerview

Education:

Florida International University College of Law, Miami, Florida
  • Miami – 2020
  • Honors: Dean’s List
Universidad Francisco Gavidia, San Salvador
  • B.S. – 2008
  • Major: Engineering

Representative Clients

  • Hispanic

Current Employment Position

  • Senior Partner

Mariano F. Herrera

Mariano Herrera is a passionate and dedicated United States Immigration Attorney originally from El Salvador, Central America. His personal journey as an immigrant to the United States inspired him to pursue a career devoted to helping others navigate the complex path of immigration law. After earning his Juris Doctor from Florida International University (FIU) College of Law and passing the bar exam, Mariano began his practice as an immigration attorney with an unwavering commitment to advocacy and justice. Drawing on his own immigrant experience, Mariano deeply understands the hopes and challenges faced by those seeking a new life in America. He brings empathy, precision, and determination to every case, representing clients before the Immigration Courts and USCIS. His mission is simple yet profound — to help as many immigrants as possible realize their American dream. Mariano’s legal expertise covers a wide range of immigration matters, including business and employment immigration, family-based petitions, asylum, deportation defense, and naturalization. Known for his meticulous attention to detail and steadfast dedication, he ensures that each client receives personalized guidance and strong representation. Fluent in both English and Spanish, Mariano effectively serves a diverse community of clients from around the world. Beyond his legal practice, Mariano is actively engaged in community outreach and education. He regularly leads workshops and seminars to inform immigrants about their rights and legal options, and partners with nonprofit organizations to provide pro bono legal services to those in need. Outside the office, Mariano enjoys traveling, exploring different cultures, and discovering new cuisines — experiences that broaden his worldview and deepen his empathy for clients from all backgrounds. A passionate reader and keen follower of global affairs, he continually enriches his knowledge of immigration trends and international issues. Mariano Herrera’s journey from El Salvador to the United States, combined with his compassion and professional excellence, has made him a trusted advocate and a respected figure in the field of immigration law.

Past Positions

  • Brandis and Associates, Associate Attorney, Feb. 2022 – July 2022

Professional Associations

  • State Bar of Wisconsin, Member, 2020
  • American Immigration Lawyers Association, Member, 2022 – 2023

Bar Admissions

  • El Salvador, 2003
  • Wisconsin, 2020
  • U.S. Court of Appeals 9th Circuit
  • U.S. Immigration Court

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Practice Areas:

  • Immigration Law
  • Business Immigration
  • Employment Immigration
  • Family Based Immigration
  • Non-Immigrant Visas

Education:

Florida International University College of Law, Miami, Florida

  • LL.M – 2020
  • Honors: Dean’s List

Bowling Greend State University, Bowling Green, Ohio

  • M.A.
  • Honors: Dean’s List

Representative Clients

  • Caribbean

Current Employment Position

  • Partner

Juliette A. Potter

Juliette Potter is a highly accomplished United States Immigration Attorney with over two decades of legal experience. She began her legal journey as a Barrister in the United Kingdom and was later admitted as an Attorney-at-Law in Antigua and Barbuda before the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court.

Ms. Potter’s academic background is equally distinguished. She holds a Master of Laws (LL.M.) from Florida International University College of Law, a Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Wolverhampton, and a Legal Education Certificate from the Norman Manley Law School in Jamaica. She also earned a Master’s degree in Organization Development from Bowling Green State University’s College of Business in Ohio.

Her professional experience spans both the corporate and legal worlds. Before entering private immigration practice, she served as Chief Legal Officer for an international group of companies. Today, she is a Licensed Attorney in the State of New York, representing clients before the Federal Immigration Courts of the United States, while also maintaining her active law license in Antigua and Barbuda.

As an immigrant herself, Ms. Potter brings a unique perspective and deep empathy to her practice. Her personal experiences inspire her unwavering commitment to helping clients navigate the complexities of U.S. immigration law with confidence and care.

Outside the courtroom, Ms. Potter enjoys cooking, traveling, and exploring new cuisines — passions that reflect her appreciation for diversity and global cultures, both in life and in law.

Past Positions

  • The Fairweather Group, Chief Legal Officer, 2012 to 2018
  • Elite Island Holding Company Ltd., Legal Counsel, 2005 to 2012

Professional Associations

  • New York State Bar Association, Member, 2022
  • Antigua and Barbuda Bar Association, Member, 2005
  • American Immigration Lawyers Association, Member, 2023 – 2024

Bar Admissions

  • England and Wales, 2003
  • Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, 2005
  • New York, 2023